The Theme Of Hate And Revenge In Shakespeares Hamlet

Shakespeare’s Hamlet is a tale laced with hate and revenge. Young Hamlet’s father, King Hamlet, is his role model who he bases his actions after. His unexpected death throws Hamlet into a dark time of despair which only compounds his grief when his mother Gertrude remarries to his father’s brother, Claudius. Hamlet mopes around the castle at Elsinore feeling sorry for himself. This is why when Hamlet hears his father’s ghost may have appeared he jumps at the opportunity to see him again. He listens earnestly to the ghost and falls head over heels for his commands, sending him down a single-minded path of no return. His one desire for revenge consumes his thoughts and causes him to hurt those around him. Throughout the play, Hamlet’s†¦show more content†¦Later, he confirms his sorrow is overwhelming by sequentially decreasing the increments of time between King Hamlet’s death and his mother’s remarriage. Both incidents demonstr ate Hamlet’s feelings of hopelessness and devastation caused by his father’s absence and foreshadows he would undergo almost anything to bring back his beloved role model and father figure. Illustrating this desperation, Hamlet fights of his friends in order to converse with his father’s ghost. Furthermore, the ghost confirms he is in fact King Hamlet’s spirit and notifies Hamlet that Claudius poisoned him. Horrified, Hamlet vows to avenge his father and devises a plan to gain knowledge: he will pretend to become mad. By taking his revenge to such extremes early on, it demonstrates Hamlet will likewise continue to other extremes on his quest for revenge. Furthermore, Hamlet fails to discuss or identify any consequences his actions might have on those around him, indicating how focused he remains already on his revenge. Act II then reveals Hamlet displays changes in his relationships with other characters. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, two childhood friend s, are asked by Claudius and Gertrude to help cure Hamlet’s madness. Because his friends are working for his parents and follow the king’s orders, Hamlet decides to omit the pair from his plans. When Claudius plans to terminate Hamlet, he writes a letter to England asking the English monarch to take care ofShow MoreRelatedThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet1308 Words   |  6 PagesThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet Many of Shakespeare’s plays draw from classical Greek themes, plot and metaphors. The tragedies of Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides and Homer have themes like royal murders, assassinations by near relatives, the supernatural, ghostly visits, and vengeful spirits of the dead- themes which reappear in Shakespeare’s tragedies with a difference. Shakespeare’s tragic hero Hamlet and Aeschylus’s Orestes have a great deal in common. Both the plays are set in a time when theRead MoreThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet1302 Words   |  6 PagesThe Libation Bearers and Hamlet Many of Shakespeare’s plays draw from classical Greek themes, plot and metaphors. The tragedies of Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides and Homer have themes like royal murders, assassinations by near relatives, the supernatural, ghostly visits, and vengeful spirits of the dead- themes which reappear in Shakespeare’s tragedies with a difference. Shakespeare’s tragic hero Hamlet and Aeschylus’s Orestes have a great deal in common. Both the plays are set in a time whenRead MoreEssay about Theme of Madness Conveyed in Shakespeares Hamlet1150 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, one of the most evident and important themes is the theme of madness. The theme is apparent throughout the play, mainly through the actions and thoughts of Hamlet, Ophelia, and Laertes. Madness is defined as the quality or condition of mental illness or derangement (being insane). Madness is at the center of the conflicts and problems of the play and is conveyed through Shakespeare’s elaborate use of manipulation and parallels between Hamlet, Ophelia, and LaertesRead MoreThe Juxtaposition of Hamlet Characters1658 Words   |  7 Pagesaround them. In William Shakespeare’s play â€Å"The Tragedy of Hamlet†, Ophelia and Laertes represent different aspects of prince Hamlets traits that further the understanding of his behaviour, thoughts, and over-all character. Laertes and Ophelia, like Hamlet, are children of murdered fathers. This connection helps create a link between the three that sends them passionately to their end. Ophelia has an important relationship and entangling affair with the prince. Hamlets and Ophelia’s actions inRead MoreA popular writer in his own lifetime, William Shakespeares reputation became increasingly popular900 Words   |  4 PagesA popular writer in his own lifetime, William Shakespeares reputation became increasingly popular after his death and his work is widely performed throughout the world. He is the most quoted writer in the literature and history because of his poetries and playwrights. His most famous play was â€Å"Hamlet†, which showed a great deal of revenge. This plays theme reflected the true meaning of betrayal, hate and revenge. In this play Shakespeare shows how individuals would act towards a loves death, noRead MoreMadness versus Reality in Hamlet1550 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: Hamlet Madness Versus Reality A tragic story motivated by revenge leads to a tragic end with avengers hunger for revenge results in death of the murderer and most often demise of the avenger himself. Revenge tragedies share within themselves some common aspects; sub plots, madness, passion, one or more violent scenes and a main character filled with hate for a significant opponent usually due to a crime committed against the avenger or the main character. Since authorities of theRead MoreResponse to Shakespeares Presentation of the Responsibilities and Obligations Placed on Sons by Fathers in Hamlet1394 Words   |  6 PagesResponse to Shakespeares Presentation of the Responsibilities and Obligations Placed on Sons by Fathers in Hamlet Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, is a play based on the theme of revenge (otherwise known as a revenge tragedy). However there are other themes to this play that may not be as obvious as the main. Love, hate, madness are all other themes to this play, along with the theme of responsibility to sons and fathers. This theme is sustained throughout the whole playRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Hamlet s Revenge1742 Words   |  7 PagesHamlet’s Vengeance Hamlet is one of the greatest literary works that has the innate ability to transcend time with the study of the human condition. William Shakespeare investigates themes of revenge, morality, sex, and familial complexities that entangle us all at one point and time. Shakespeare story of Hamlet gives us one of our first tragic heroes in modern literary history. In his quest for revenge for his father’s death we also see the systematic decline and lapses into madness that willRead More Critical Analysis of Shakespeares Hamlet Essay examples640 Words   |  3 PagesCritical Analysis of Shakespeares Hamlet What is mans purpose in life? Is there a purpose? If there isnt, then is it wise to end it, despite the fact that there might be nothing better? In Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, Hamlet struggles with these and other issues. He states that the question of life is To be, or not to be...? Is existence really worth the troubles of life? In this monologue, Hamlet is wondering what is his purpose. He asserts that the only reason people endureRead MoreCharacter Characteristics Of Hamlet1074 Words   |  5 Pagesstands out from the protagonist Hamlet is that he does not like women in general, including his own mother. Some of Hamlets hate towards women comes from betrayal and disappointment from his own mother. At the beginning of the play, he mentions that he is disappointed in his mother, Gertrude, because she is going to marry to Claudius after only a few months after his father passed away. This makes him sick to his stomach and he becomes mad. At one point in the play, Hamlet reveals to his mother that

Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Australia and Climate Change

Market-based policies are a proven way to limit carbon pollution and channel capital and innovation into clean energy, helping to avert the catastrophic consequences of climate change† - EDF vice president for international climate, Nathaniel Keohan Introduction In a contemporary political setting, it is now broadly recognized that over the 20th century, the atmospheric concentrations of key greenhouse gases, particularly Carbon Dioxide have been amplified by human activity. Australia can be held accountable for around 1.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. However, Australia is one of the largest carbon polluters per capita, sitting around 24.4 tonnes per person. Much policy discussion about climate change suggests that surplus carbon emissions are the result of failure of the market. Since the ongoing costs of environmental degradation and climate change are not internalized in pricing fossil fuel; a commonsense (and widely flavored by policy makers in the international community) economic solution is to internalize the cost of carbon emissions. Cap and trade emissions trading schemes have proven largely popular in the global policy-making community, as they enable market flexibility and allow for international targets to be met. The problem with incentive-based economic mechanisms is that it is optional by nature. Relevant parties ‘opt in’ to the free market mechanism, rather than being required to participate in a policy based mechanism. The latter however,Show MoreRelatedGlobal Warming And Its Effect On The Environment933 Words   |  4 Pages On April 11, 2014, Cyclone Ita roared through Queensland, Australia leaving a trail of destruction in its wake. One of the strongest Category 5 storms ever recorded, winds were recorded at over 110 miles per hour before landfall. While destruction in Queensland and the surrounding areas was immense, the offshore damage to the Great Barrier Reef was catastrophic. Many places of the reef were left with no living coral structures and entire portions of the ecosystem were erased from the seabed (Zolfagharifard)Read MoreThe World Of The Great Barrier Reef873 Words   |  4 PagesAustralia is home to one of the most diverse and beautiful landscapes in the world. From uninhabitable arid deserts to snow-topped mountain ranges, lush tropical rainforests and gorgeous ocean beaches; it encompasses almost every type of environment possible. It is comparable in size to the United States and is home to nearly 20 million people (â€Å"Australia’s Geography and History†). Australi a also includes some of the most unique species of animals and geographic phenomena found nowhere else inRead MoreGlobal Warming : Climate Change1642 Words   |  7 PagesIt is established that the Earth is warming, climate change is caused by the steady rise of temperature in our atmosphere and oceans, this is also known as global warming. Energy from the sun that enters the Earths atmosphere is reflected back into space but some is absorbed by greenhouse gasses which radiates the energy to create heat. Greenhouse gasses have been on this planet since it was formed, they keep life on Earth living. Without greenhouse gasses in our atmosphere the Earths temperatureRead MoreEssay995 Words   |  4 Pagesthe first stage carbon is captured in various stages of industrial processes. Carbon dioxide can be captured, separated or extracted from flue gas (a gas exiting to the atmosphere via pipe). In some processes carbon dioxide can be captured during or before combustion occurs. 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Renewable energy is sourced from products that can be replenished and are more sustainable for our environment. With Australia’s increasing demand for electricity there are debates that we should be moving towards renewable energy to cut down our annual emissions as well as cut costs on electricity. There are many types of renewable energies that are becoming available in Australia, including solarRead MoreEssay on Global Warming1343 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscovered carbon dioxide’ and in ‘1827, Jean-Batiste Fourier suggest ed that atmospheric effect kept the earth warmer than it would otherwise be’, (Direct.gov. n.d. A history of climate change). Since this time, reports, and study have be done with graphs to show the impact of global warming and what could happen to our planet. In 1979, the first conference was held this was called ‘International climate science’ it called on governments to ‘foresee and prevent man-made changes in climate’. 1988 theRead MoreClimate Change Is An Important Issue That Concerns Humanity999 Words   |  4 Pages Climate change is an important issue that concerns humanity. Climate change refers to an increase in average global temperatures. Every day, the enhanced greenhouse effect continues to advance, which significantly influences Earth’s long-term climate. In addition, human activity is also contributing to the increase of global warming and is already leading to harmful consequences. Some people believe that global warming is not occurring and the heating of the globe, is just a part ofRead MoreClimate Change Of Global Warming924 Words   |  4 Pages Figure 0.1 shows the different effects of global warming. Global warming is the warming of our planet at an extreme rate. The Earth’s climate has warmed by 7.8OC since 1880. (Quick facts about science, 2015). What causes global warming? The cause of global warming is the carbon dioxide. This acts like a blanket. Protecting the earth, and heating the earth. Sun rays would normally bounce around the earth, but with the blanket, the sun rays heat the blanket which heats the earth. (Petersen ScienceRead MoreEssay about Kyoto Protocol1702 Words   |  7 Pagescollective emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2%. The agreement aims to lower overall emissions from a group of six greenhouse gases by 2008-12, calculated as an average over these five years.† (UNFCCC, 2011) In December of 1997, 160 countries gathered in Kyoto, Japan to agree upon a Protocol that will curb emissions and hopefully restore emission levels to pre-industrial numbers. This Protocol is the Kyoto Protocol established by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Control.

Role of World Bank in Disaster Management of Kenya

Question: Write about theRole of World Bank in Disaster Management of Kenya. Answer: This paper describes the short term and long term effect of natural disaster on the Kenya economy and possible actions taken by World Bank in the next few years. Natural disaster like severe earthquake creates negative impact on the growth of the economy and its national assets. International organisation such as World Bank provides aid to the lower income country for disaster management. The paper highlights the decision making process and their implications on the Kenyan economy. Short Term and Long Term Effect of Natural Disaster Natural disaster damages the tangible assets of the economy that creates either short term or long term effects. The relative impact depends on the rate of growth and rate of convergence of an economy. As stated by Blaikie et al. (2014), human capital is crucial factor, which helps to deal with frequent disaster management. An economy with rich in human capital can revive even after severe disaster. Natural disaster in Kenya disrupts the lives of poor people and leads to displacement, job loss, and loss of property, destruction of national infrastructure such as rail, telecommunication, and water sources contamination. These are all short term impacts of natural disaster Kenya. This country suffers from frequent disaster and hence impact is rigorous (meteorology.uonbi.ac.ke, n.d). Loss of agricultural output is also the short-term impact. During February 2017, Kenya Government has declared drought as national disaster. 2.4 million People in the country needs help in terms of fund, fo od and non-food items (abc.net.au, 2017). External aid is required to manage drought and complement government effort in this country. People and wildlife both are under risk due to severe drought. Food rationing and cash transfer among affected people are foremost responsibility of the Kenyan government. Long-term effect of natural disaster such as drought in this low-income country like Kenya is negative. Agricultural sector is mostly affected by the disaster. As aggregate output of the economy falls, per capita income falls (opendata.go.ke, 2017). Moreover, government spending increases to rehabilitate displaced people and rebuilding infrastructure. Increase in such government expenditure is unplanned and hence leads to fiscal deficit in the economy. Loss of agricultural output leads to the increase in crop price and creates inflation. Inflation reduces purchasing power of people and deprives some consumers from consumption of high priced products. As financial market in the economy like Kenya is not improved, rate of capital formation in the economy is slow (Blaikie et al., 2014). Without proper infrastructure, government has to start to reorganise economy after every disaster. Therefore, financing infrastructure is highly dependent on public funding. Government of developing coun try like Kenya hence, requires relying either on the foreign debt or foreign aid to use capital in the economy. Natural disaster may create long term unemployment in the economy. Possible Initiatives taken by World Bank World Bank provides global facility and assistance to disaster management. World Bank can increase aids to Kenya to support infrastructure development. The aid needs to be long term that can be used in productive purpose (worldbank.org, 2014). Aids can be provided to support short term impacts like migration, displacement, providing facilities like water, food and sanitation services. Any productive infrastructure project in this country needs to be technologically advanced to reduce the risk of natural disaster. The aid for 10 years can be granted to build rail, road, and telecommunication system. Aid of World Bank is required to support agricultural sector that is in the form of building technologically advanced warehousing and storage facilities, rotational cropping, improved irrigation system. These facilities can reduce demand supply gap created at the time of drought and flood. Schools can be made earthquake proof as Indonesia has implemented with the assistance of World Bank G lobal Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) programme (worldbank.org, 2014). This programme assists countries in five areas such as risk identification, reduction of risk, preparing for disaster, financial protection for country and people and flexible recovery. As drought has been announced as national disaster in Kenya, the World Bank can provide funds to the build up technologically improved crop storage unit where farmers can store grains and crops, when there is excess supply in the economy. Storage products can be supplied in the drought affected season. Drought is the result of chronic degradation of environment and climate change. Provision of emergency medicine, food and other non food items are short term aid that World Bank can provide. However, Kenyan government needs to use the funds to improve infrastructure for long term to resist drought in the form of building up water supply system, water storage system in the summer season. It can be concluded that natural disaster management is crucial factor for the growth of the economy that are vulnerable to the natural disaster. International organisation such as World Bank supports low income courtiers in disaster risk management programme in the form of aid. World Bank aid has been growing over the years. However, World Bank assistance would be effective only when government fiscal and monetary policy is supportive for the implementation of disaster management programme. World Bank may assist a significant portion of the spending. Government has to manage the effects of disaster through building proper infrastructure for which effective cost benefit analysis is required. Cost benefit analysis is required to evaluate the viability of the projects among several available alternatives. References abc.net.au (2017). Kenya declares drought a national disaster, appeals for local and international help. Retrieved on 1st May from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-11/kenya-declares-drought-a-national-disaster/8261970 Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., Davis, I., Wisner, B. (2014).At risk: natural hazards, people's vulnerability and disasters. Routledge. meteorology.uonbi.ac.ke (n.d) Kenya Natural Disaster Profile. Retrieved on 1st May from https://meteorology.uonbi.ac.ke/sites/default/files/cbps/sps/meteorology/Project%20on%20Disasters.pdf opendata.go.ke (2017) National Natural Disaster Inventory. Retrieved on 1st May from https://www.opendata.go.ke/datasets/national-natural-disaster inventory?geometry=23.995%2C-7.673%2C51.681%2C7.661 worldbank.org (2014) Helping Countries Better Prepare for and Manage Disaster Risks, Climate Change Retrieved on 1st May https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2014/01/30/gfdrr-helping-countries-manage-disaster-risk-climate worldbank.org (2014) How to Develop Effective Disaster Recovery Programs Lessons from Vulnerable Countries. Retrieved on 1st May from https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2014/09/10/lessons-in-effective-disaster-recovery-from-vulnerable-countries

Spm Biology free essay sample

Biology candidates typically commit the mistake of thinking that the length of their answered essay or structured questions equates to marks deserve, under the formula, Length of Structure Answer/Essay = Marks. This is wrong and Berry Berry Easy wishes to clear the air regarding this issue. It is never about how long you write but more about how accurate you write. So for Berry Readers who can write long answers but never seemed to score well, do check out the post below. Share this with your other friends who have the same problem as you.The SPM question Paper 3 – (Answer all questions – Question 1 and 2 only) consist of 50 marks in total. In this paper, students need to answer all questions. Question 1 consists of 33 marks and Question 2 consists of 17 marks. There are some important points that will be discussed using the trial SPM 2010 Johor state paper 3. The marks for each question range from 0 (wrong response), 1 (idea level response), 2 (inaccurate response) to 3 (accurate response) marks for each questions. We will write a custom essay sample on Spm Biology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Paper 3 Biology involves with very detailed criteria of marking. 1) How to state the observation?Usually it involves two criteria. Example 1 State two different observations made from Table 1. (Nyatakan dua pemerhatian yang berbeza yang dibuat daripada Jadual 1). Q1 (b) (i) (3 marks). Idea level response (1 mark): * The time taken is different for each temperature. * Temperature influences time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish. No full marks will be given if students did not meet the 2 criteria of answer and the word ‘different’ / ‘influence’ is not specific. Students must try to avoid these words. Accurate response (3 marks): P1: Temperature of water bathP2: Time taken for iodine solution to remain yellowish (Horizontal observation) * At temperature 5? C, time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish is 12 minutes. * At temperature 37? C, time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish is 3 minutes. * At temperature 55? C, time taken for iodine solution remains yellowish is 15 minutes. (Vertical observation) * Time taken for iodine solution remain yellowish for temperature 37? C is faster than 5? C / 28? C / 45? C / 55? C // Vice versa 2) How to state inference in Paper 3 Biology? Similar to observation, inference involves 2 criteria.Example 2 State the inference which corresponds to the observations in 1 (b) (i). (Nyatakan inferens yang sepadan dengan pemerhatian di 1 (b) (i)). Q1 (b) (ii) Idea level response (1 mark): * Temperature influences the enzyme reaction. Accurate response (3 marks): P1: Rate of enzyme reaction P2: Low / High (Reject: Lowest / Highest) (Horizontal inference) * At temperature 5? C, the rate of enzyme (amylase) reaction is low / decreases / longer / lower. * At temperature 37? C / optimum temperature, the rate of enzyme reaction is high. * At temperature 55? C, the rate of enzyme reaction is low. Vertical inference) * At temperature 37? C, the rate of enzyme reaction is higher than the rate of enzyme reaction at 5? C / 28? C / 45? C / 55? C // vice versa. 3) How to get full marks in hypothesis for an experiment? Similar to the hypothesis in Chemistry Paper 3, it must always start with manipulated variable and follows by responding variables. Example 3 State the hypothesis for this experiment. (Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini. ) Q1 (d) Idea level response (1 mark): * The temperatures influence the enzyme reaction. Accurate response (3 marks): P1: Manipulated variable (temperature)P2: Responding variable (time taken for iodine solution remain yellowish / rate of enzyme (amylase) reaction / activity) Hypothesis: relationship of P1 and P2 (MV + RV) * The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of enzyme reaction / time taken for iodine solution remain yellowish (until it reaches the optimum temperature) * When the temperature increases, the rate of enzyme reaction also increase (until the optimum temperature) 4) How to draw the graph correctly in Paper 3 Biology? SAL or SAP which is S = Shape, A = Axis and L = Label / P = Point.Besides that, student must remember to write the title of the graph. 5) How to explain the relationship in Biology? In Biology Paper 3, it is more specified as compared to Chemistry. Students must provide the manipulated variable first a nd follow by responding variable and usually for the manipulated variable must have two supporting theories and a brief conclusion. Example 4 Based on the graph in 1 (e) (ii), explain the relationship between rate of enzyme reaction and temperature. (Berdasarkan kepada graf di 1 (e) (ii), terangkan hubungan antara kadar tindakbalas enzim dengan suhu. ) Q1 (f) Idea level response (1 mark): The higher of the temperature, the higher the rate of enzyme reaction. * (Hypothesis statement) Accurate response (3 marks): Students must state the relationship between the rate of enzyme reaction and the temperature base on criteria: R1 – Relationship: the temperature increases, the rate of enzyme reaction also increase. (Theory 1) R2 – Explanation 1: at 37? C // at optimum temperature the starch hydrolyse (completely by amylase / enzyme) (Theory 2) R3 – Explanation 2: at the maximum rate (Brief conclusion) * As temperature increases (MV), the rate of enzyme reaction increases (RV).At optimum temperature the starch was hydrolysed (completely) by amylase at the maximum rate. 6) How to answer the last question (Question number 2)? There are 9 sub sections (total 17 marks) that students need to answer. The mark distribu tion is as followed: 1. Problem statement (Penyataan masalah) (3 marks) 2. Objective (Objektif) (1 mark) 3. Variables (Pembolehubah-pembolehubah) (1 mark) 4. Hypothesis (Hipotesis) (3 marks) 5. List of material and apparatus (Senarai bahan dan radas digunakan) (3 marks) 6. Technique used (Teknik yang digunakan) (1 mark) 7.Experimental procedure or method (Kaedah atau prosedur eksperimen) (3 marks) 8. Presentation of data (Cara data dipersembahkan) (1 mark) 9. Conclusion (Kesimpulan) (1 mark) 1) Problem statement (3 marks) Problem statement must be in question form. i. e. Does (MV) affect (RV) of xxx? How does (MV) affect the (RV) of xxx)? What is the effect of (MV) on the (RV)? 2) Objective (1 mark) It is a statement form: i. e. To determine the effect of (MV) on the (RV) of a xxx. To study the effect of (MV) on the (RV) of a xxx To investigate the effect of (MV) on the (RV) of a xxx 3) Variables (1 mark)The entire variables (MV, RV and FV) must be correct to gain one marks from here. 4) Hypothesis (3 marks) The hypothesis must start with manipulated variable and follow by responding variable (MV + RV) 5) List of material and apparatus (3 marks) Students need to separate the list of material with the list of apparatus. i. e. Apparatus: photometer, stopwatch, cutter, beaker, meter rule, basin, marker/ thread Material: Balsam plant, water, Vaseline/grease, dry cloth 6) Technique used (1 mark) Students need to state the technique used in carrying out the experiment correctly. . e. Measure and record the time taken for the air bubble to move a distance of 2 cm by using a stopwatch. 7) Experimental procedure or method (3 marks) Students are able to mention all the MV, RV and FV in the sentence. 8 ) Presentation of data (1 mark) Students are able to draw a complete table and record the relevant data base on 3 criteria. 9) Conclusion (1 mark) Students are able to write a suitable conclusion for the experiment. i. e. Ther higher/lower (MV), the higher/lower (RV). Hypothesis is accepted/rejected.

Nursing Reflection free essay sample

In the context of professional practices reflection is defined as the examination of personal thoughts and actions (David, 2004). In this essay I am reflecting on an incident that happened in my earlier years of working as a professional nurse. The incident I am sharing and the subsequent learning I have gained by reflecting it helped me in the later years of my nursing career. During my career as a professional nurse I have worked in several hospitals also attended several cases and those provided me with lot of insights and leanings. As per NMC 2002 guidelines, for protecting identify of the patient, names have been replaced with pseudo names. For structuring my experience and the subsequent reflection I am using Gibbs (1998) model of reflection as a framework. By using Gibbs (1998) model the practitioner and also take emotions into account. As shown in the below diagram, this model for reflection consists of six stages. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Figure : Gibbs reflective cycle. Source : Oxford Brookes University Gibbs reflection starts with describing the incident, analysing the feeling, evaluation of the experience, analysis of the experience, conclusion, what else can be done as the final step also it analyse about the future plan how to approach a similar situation in the future. The incident I want to describe happened during the third year when I was working. When I was working in the causality ward, and an 11 year old named Maria was admitted. From the first sight I figured out that Maria was in great deal of pain and I came to know that she met with an accident. She was conscious and was bleeding profusely. We have done the preliminary examination and found out that one of her legs were fractured. The people who brought her to the causality already left, she was alone and her parents or relatives were not yet reached the hospital. In that stage along with keeping her conscious I was also trying to establish a therapeutic relationship with Maria to create trust and confidence. As a medical professional it is important to build trust and confidence of the patient because it will increase the self-esteem of the patient and helps in diagnosis of the situation and in the process of healing (Hark reader Hogan, 2004). During that time I have noticed that Maria was not responding to my voice and not screaming and shouting like any other children do. For a short time I was wondering the reason for that and I immediately realised that her speaking and hearing was impaired. The situation was much more complicated than I was initially thought, in short I was dealing with a half conscious deaf and dumb girl, having multiple fractures also the possibility of internal bleeding. However as the biggest challenge I felt was her corporation. I can feel from her face that she was very nervous and in pain and also helpless to convey the difficulty she was facing. Feelings For taking the case forward and working with Maria, it is very critical to establish a good connection and communication between us. I remembered that communication could be established not only by verbal exchange but also means such as non-verbal exchange also (Black Chitty, 2007). In Maria’s case non-verbal communication using hand signals was the only way of communication that possible. I have stated completing the essential medical procedures, alongside I was trying to create a rapport with her by showing some hand signals which expresses sympathy and care. When I was with her I always tried to keep an eye contact so that she gets a feeling that I am interested and wanted to help her. According to Caris (1999) eye contact is a good way to communicate the sense of interest in the person one is conversing with. From Marisa’s reaction I figured out that my efforts were giving me good results, she started pointing where all she was feeling pain. Also she tried to tell me the whole chain of events happened using hand gestures. Evaluation From the experience with Maria, spending time with a patient to understand the situation she was actually in one of the critical factors in analysing a medical situation. Also I have developed a patient centric relationship between Maria rather than a task centric relationship. This relationship helped me in gaining the confidence of Maria and gave the best to treat her. Even in my later nursing experiences I have learned that most of the Nurse Patient communication is task centric relationship rather than patient centric relationship. On the contrary Maria and me developed a warm, genuine and empathic relationship as mentioned by Burnard (1990). Analysis I realised that for a patient like Maria adaptive communication skills are important. The establishment of interpersonal communication – communication that exists between two individuals(Funnel, 2005), have played an important role in get to know the situation of Maria better. My attempt to communicate with Maria through non verbal and hand signals helped me in handling and understanding the situation more effectively. White (2005), recommends that a professional nurse should learn alternative languages and methods to communicate with the patient so that she / he could handle the situation better. Further analysing the incident, when a patient is alone away from his / her family they feel insecure. In such situation it is difficult for a nurse or for a doctor to have the confidence of the patient. In the case of Maria also in the beginning she was a bit scared with the hospital environment and me, and I could like any other personal made her cooperate with me continue my work. However, instead I have tried to better understand her situation and build her trust in me. Hence I got an overview of the situation and full corporation from Maria and gained her trust. Furthermore, reflecting on the incident, I felt my approach of being patient centric rather than task centric helped me in giving better treatment to her. Generally many of nurses working with me that time given more preference to task centric approach. I reckon the task centric approach will touch only the surface and many a times using this approach medical professionals only scratch the surface by the guess work and experience rather than getting the inputs from the patient and looking into the matter more deeply. In short, as a conclusion I could effectively give adequate medical attention to Maria by establishing a therapeutic relationship. I realised that patients are different and the ways to handle each of them differently in order to gain the trust and confidence of each other. Also I learned that the practitioner should effectively communicate with the patient both ways such as patient centric communication and task centric communication (McCabe, 2004). In the case of Maria I can conclude that I effectively handled the situation by demonstration various skills such as my approach toward the patient, getting relavent answers, being an active listener, support the emtions of the patient and showing empathy towards the situation of the patient (Walsh, 2005). Action Plan The action plan I have prepared based on the case of Maria is mentioned below. Improving my communication skills : I have learned that communication is the foundation of the relationship (Wood, 2006). So I have decided to improve my communication skills, both verbal and non verbal communication skills and also decided to learn some additional languages. Improve my listening skills: I realised that listening skills are also important as the communication skills. I am trying to improve my listening skills especially I am listening to patients with out making notions or judgements. Handling different kind of patients: This part I consider one of the most critical part I have to take care of. Equip to handle any kind of patient even if they are visually challenged or mentally challenged. Maintain a diary: I also started writing a daily journal that mentions all the major events happed during my time with patients. By writing down the important events happened in my professional career I can always refer back the successes and failures I have made during my career and think how can I improve them next time. I am concluding that the unique learning experience and the reflection of the incident happened in Maria’s case proved very useful in my professional career. I have learned a great deal from this one incident and it made me think out of the box to handle the situation. These kind of incidences and the subsequent reflection made me not only a better professional but also a better person. I reckon myself more organised and I started considering more various other possibilities before I making a choice. Also I started using established models to structure my experiences and include all aspects of it with out missing anything. In Maria’s case Gibbs model enabled me to drill down the various aspects of the incident and enhance the understanding of the situation better. Word Count : 1510

Free Essays on Stronger, Faster, We Have The Adapdability

Stronger, Faster, Better, we have the adaptability Moments before its life is abruptly ended, a particularly sneaky and cleaver mosquito pushes its needle into the back of a man who lives in Africa. Unfortunately for our African friend, the mosquito carried with it the disease known as malaria. More unfortunately was the fact that the malaria had already been in contact the African’s blood, which normally would most likely result in a nasty case of malaria. However, all his life this African carried with him a genetic disorder known as Sickle Cell Anemia. While this disorder can be life threatening when ill treated, it makes our African friend immune to malaria. After years and years of malaria outbreaks, many people in Africa have adapted to their environment. This is human adaptation at its best, the human observes a problem in its life and slowly it changes itself to live in harmony. The Human body is an amazing organism that is capable of adapting to nearly any environment or situation. It is this ability to chang e with the times that have lead us down the evolutionary path to dominance. Humans are at the top of the food chain, they have overcome against all odds and evolved from single celled organisms into the complex being that we are today. Chevalier de Lamarck was a famous scientist throughout the eighteenth and seventeenth centuries. He was a professor of zoology at the museum of Natural History of Paris. While working at the museum he developed his own theory of evolution that made him one of the pioneers of evolutionary theory. â€Å"He conceived of evolution as the result of the adaptation of organisms to the environment and that this adaptation was transmitted from parent to offspring† (Comas, 55). Lamarck believes that something changes in the environment and individually organisms change to best fit their needs. After a series of similar adaptations the species will change and possess these new tra... Free Essays on Stronger, Faster, We Have The Adapdability Free Essays on Stronger, Faster, We Have The Adapdability Stronger, Faster, Better, we have the adaptability Moments before its life is abruptly ended, a particularly sneaky and cleaver mosquito pushes its needle into the back of a man who lives in Africa. Unfortunately for our African friend, the mosquito carried with it the disease known as malaria. More unfortunately was the fact that the malaria had already been in contact the African’s blood, which normally would most likely result in a nasty case of malaria. However, all his life this African carried with him a genetic disorder known as Sickle Cell Anemia. While this disorder can be life threatening when ill treated, it makes our African friend immune to malaria. After years and years of malaria outbreaks, many people in Africa have adapted to their environment. This is human adaptation at its best, the human observes a problem in its life and slowly it changes itself to live in harmony. The Human body is an amazing organism that is capable of adapting to nearly any environment or situation. It is this ability to chang e with the times that have lead us down the evolutionary path to dominance. Humans are at the top of the food chain, they have overcome against all odds and evolved from single celled organisms into the complex being that we are today. Chevalier de Lamarck was a famous scientist throughout the eighteenth and seventeenth centuries. He was a professor of zoology at the museum of Natural History of Paris. While working at the museum he developed his own theory of evolution that made him one of the pioneers of evolutionary theory. â€Å"He conceived of evolution as the result of the adaptation of organisms to the environment and that this adaptation was transmitted from parent to offspring† (Comas, 55). Lamarck believes that something changes in the environment and individually organisms change to best fit their needs. After a series of similar adaptations the species will change and possess these new tra...

Introduce a new product (you pick product) Research Proposal

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